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新浪财经ESG评级中心提供包括资讯、禀报、培训、接头等在内的14项ESG服务，助力上市公司传播ESG理念，耕作ESG可不竭发展表现。点击稽查【ESG评级中心折务手册】文 | 新浪财经 李怡然
在大众经济情势深度退换、科技鼎新加快迭代的布景下，圭表化职业正成为复古可不竭发展、引诱产业转型、塑造国际竞争新上风的舛错力量。现时，面对绿色转型、数字化波浪以及中国企业大众化布局等趋势，圭表何如既促进鼎新又防控风险、既鼓吹协同又尊重互异，成为各方温柔的焦点。为此，新浪财经与英国圭表协会（British Standards Institution，简称BSI）大中华区董事总司理石慕澜（Dr.Tatiana Schmollack-Tarasova）伸开深度对话，探讨圭表在快速变化时间中的变装演变、实施挑战与改日标的，以期为正在寻求高质料发展与国际化温情的企业提供启发。
英国圭表协会（BSI）大中华区董事总司理石慕澜（Dr.Tatiana Schmollack-Tarasova）
以下为访谈原文：
新浪财经：BSI 作为大众圭表制定的核神思构之一，连年来不竭在绿色转型、数字化等前沿范围鼓吹圭表建树。在您看来，圭表制定应何如均衡时间快速迭代与圭表体系踏实性之间的干系？尤其是在AI和ESG等新兴议题快速发展且尚未透顶定型的布景下，圭表制定过程应重心绪切哪些方面？何如通过圭表的打算，既营造成心于鼎新和可不竭发展的市集环境，又幸免对企业筹画酿成不消要的限制？
石慕澜：客不雅来看，时间发展向来快于圭表制定。归来约150年前，恰是欧洲工业化时期的时间温情，当先催生了对圭表化的需求。BSI的圭表化之旅，始于125年前伦敦的电车轨说念。
如今的中枢挑战在于时间发展的速渡过火对寰球和东说念主类影响的广度。从BSI的视角看，咱们认为圭表并非鼎新的退却，而是护栏——它们确保鼎新能够产生积极而非无益的终局。
以AI为例，BSI概念围绕安全与伦理使用的基础原则，以确保透明度、问责制、诚信与平允。由于时间日眉月异，圭表无需固守某一具体时间，而应着眼于指引企业何如达成诸如ISO/IEC 42001《东说念主工智能管制体系》等基线圭表中所建树的基础原则中枢要求。与所有其他管制体系圭表一样，它不会给出组织应使用何种时间来更正效果的谜底，但会就何如诈欺其弃取的时间来录用安妥伦理、安全且旨在产生积极影响的效果，提供异常涌现的指引。
笔据我个东说念主在圭表范围的劝诫，我明晰地紧记大要15年前的一个案例：一家机器东说念主外骨骼制造商但愿赢得安全认证以进入欧洲市集。那时的挑战在于，圭表和地关节规中对于机器东说念主外骨骼安全性的法例异常有限。因此，我那时所在的及格评定机构的安全人人们，决定以艾萨克·阿西莫夫的“机器东说念主三定律”为框架，查找并映射那时所有可用安全圭表的探讨条件，以骄慢这三条基本功令。这正巧印证了我刚才提到的不雅点：圭表是已毕预期效果的基础性指导原则。
虽然，咱们必须承认，围绕AI以及可不竭发展/ESG的圭表框架，在不同地区和国度的发展速率和关详实心可能存在互异。中国、欧盟和好意思国的关节各有不同，这少量人人皆知。因此，圭表制定的舛错重心应耐久围绕利益探讨方参与和国际合作。咱们应络续搭建桥梁，贯穿鼎新者、监管机构、实践者和用户，共同建立实用、包容且面向改日的圭表。如今更常见的情况是，组织乃至通盘行业都渴慕建立我方的圭表框架，而不是恭候国内或国际圭表的出台。在BSI，咱们通过提供PAS和FLEX等平台维持此类举止，荧惑行业先驱与其他利益探讨方合作，更快地制定圭表。
打算圭表的通用关节是耐久以效果和影响为导向。毕竟，圭表即最好实践。圭表的应用范围越广，采取它的利益探讨方越多，最终产生的影响就越大。因此，适用性、可收受性和影响力是舛错。
新浪财经：咱们了解到，BSI 服务过繁密不同范围和行业的企业。企业在圭表落地通常常面对瓦解与资源的双重挑战。基于您所战役的案例，您认为现时企业在践行国际圭表或行业表率时，最亟待温情的瓦解误区或资源瓶颈是什么？ 此外，不同业业在圭表实施旅途上有何互异？从这些跨行业的实践中，有哪些多量意旨的启示，可匡助更多企业已毕从“合规”到“价值创造”的进步？
石慕澜：东说念主们巧合会对圭表存在一种污蔑，认为它是退却，是用于创建审核清单的器用，而盲从某个圭表被视为企业进入大众市集的职业。在BSI 125年的历史中，咱们曾为大众雨后春笋家企业提供服务，这些企业将圭表视为计策赋能器用，确切将质料、健康安全、环境限制、信息安全、数据心事等基本原则融入日常运营，从费力毕了大众化发展和交易主义。
将圭表整合到运营过程中的最大价值在于不竭更正。更正之路永无至极。每年在里面或外部审核中，总会发现一些不错更正的契机。舛错不在于堕入样式主义的“打勾清单”式作念法，而应温柔何如能带来更好的终局。
ESG双重重要性评估即是一个很好的例子。制定上百个ESG目的只是为了赢得更高的ESG评级，可能奏效甚微致使毫无作用。更灵验的方式是通过双重重要性评估，识别出对企业的耐久价值最为舛错的ESG议题（即财务重要性），以及企业对环境和社会最要紧的影响（即影响重要性）。这个过程并不简单，但它能确切鼓吹企业从被迫搪塞上百个目的，转向主动管制15-20个确切产生影响力的中枢议题。
咱们在与企业战役中发现，最权贵的互异体面前组织文化和指导力上。这起初取决于指导者何如看待圭表收受和国际认证。淌若企业高管仅将圭表和国际认证视为合规要求，通盘组织就会将其行动“打勾清单”任务。咱们看到有些企业的指导层积极将圭表融入业务框架——不管是基于ISO 9001的质料管制体系，已经基于ISO 37001的反行贿管制体系。但咱们也碰到过一些企业指导层将其视为不得不应付的合规职业。这种瓦解互异权贵影响着企业对最好实践的招揽方式与圭表要求的落实深度。
从这个角度来看，BSI对中国国度认证认同监督管制委员会（CNCA）近期实施的新规示意宽待。笔据CNCA新规，组织的最高管制者不仅必须躬行参加认证审核的首、末次会议，还需深远意会组织通过审核认证旨在已毕哪些更正。这一要求具有积极意旨。
新浪财经：跟着中国企业加快大众化布局，外洋市集的合规压力日益突显。在您战役的中国企业中，最常见的外洋合规误区是什么？您对中国出海企业的国际践约有哪些提出？您合计企业在出海过程中应何如系统性管制跨国圭表互异？
石慕澜：起初，我衷心钦佩中国企业的创业精神与开导外洋的勇气。看到中国品牌凭借不凡品性、高性价比和竞争上风在外洋市集赢得认同，如实令东说念主吟唱。从本体上说，中国企业现时的国际化旅途，与西方企业昔时大众彭胀时期的历程颇有相似之处。BSI作为圭表与认证机构，曾见证并维持国际品牌及中国供应链伙伴从这里走向大众，因此如今不雅察到中国企业出海过程中的某些相似轨迹，显得尤为趣味。咱们知说念，以史为鉴方能幸免习故守常。
对于最常见的瓦解误区，概况有三点较为凸起。其一，部分企业可能将盲从国际圭表和认证视为一次性表情——赢得ISO 37001或ISO 37301文凭似乎就骄慢了基本要求。我刚刚提到，这种瓦解在其他管制体系中也常见存在，而咱们敬佩不竭更正才是价值所在。
事实上，建立灵验的合规管制体系或任何其他管制体系（如质料、环境、信息安全等），是经逾期辰考证的、可助力业务范围化发展的器用。恰是通过这么的体系，业务过程才得以圭表化并具备可扩展性。
其二，部分中国企业倾向于将国内想维告成套用于外洋市集，低估了文化、法律、宗教或瓦解层面的互异。昨年我曾受邀参加一家中国跨国企业举办的研讨会，其大众子公司健康安全环保部门的代表均在场。我连合咱们在审核中的劝诫，探讨了不同市集对健康安全功令的意会互异——在越南被认为安全的操作，在德国可能透顶不被允许。安全指令的制定方式、传达样式及实行圭表皆会有所不同：有些国度职工更易接纳图示讲明，有些则需要配有过程图的详实笔墨指引；有些场所通过邮件发送指南即可，有些则需逐日换取强调基本表率。这听起来不问可知，但在日常实行中咱们仍不雅察到好多推行贫瘠。研讨会上多位参与者坦言，在日常运营中他们偶尔也会忽略这些细节。
临了但雷同重要的是，一些中国企业在拓展外洋市集的初期，存在过度依赖外部机构的倾向——将业务过程构建、团队组建及管制体系搭建等基础职业全盘外包，却未能同步参预资源培育自主运营才能，也未能通过系统性培养原土着才来已毕企业中枢基因的跨文化传承。从业务一语气性与学问传承的角度看，必须在企业里面积蓄学问，并在所有市集从零初始建树中枢才能。圭表与管制体系恰是这一过程中的重要助力。
新浪财经：瞻望改日五年，您认为在AI科罚、轮回经济、生物各样性保护、低空经济等新兴范围中，哪些最有可能催生具有行业重塑意旨的温情性圭表？面对这些潜在的圭表化趋势，您对企业尤其是中国企业，在计策筹画与才能部署方面有哪些具体提出，以更好田主理先机，提前作念好合规准备？
石慕澜：从BSI的角度，咱们但愿所有新兴范围的利益探讨方能络续保持盛开交流与合作，从而共同建立起公众对时间温情的信任，创造一个平允、可不竭的改日。
AI科罚仍将是热门议题，探讨筹商将杰出通用的AI管制体系圭表，更聚焦于偏见检测、算法审计等具体范围的时间对皆，并有望建立大众认同的AI认证框架，以维持时间安全、可靠地跨境流动。中国必将成为这些筹商的重要孝敬者，咱们也期待与中国探讨方深化合作。
在低空经济范围，中国凭借其时间实力与市集范围，透顶有才能成为该范围的圭表制定者。从无东说念主机配送、农业应用到城市空中交通试点确现时发展速率来看，这些时间将快速范围化，因而进军需要适用于国表里的探讨圭表。这项职业并不简单，需要在空域管制、通讯条约与互操作性、网罗安全乃至基础安全等方面与国际圭表和表率进行对接。
至于脱碳、轮回经济、生物各样性圭表等范围，则蕴含着大众联结与加快范围化的高大后劲。这些议题具有杰出地缘政事的中立性，是所有国度的共同主义。BSI中国团队不雅察到中国探讨方对此表现出横蛮的参与意愿，咱们对此示意维持。
对于这些新兴范围的企业——尤其是那些在供应链中具有平常影响力的领军企业，我的提出是：不消恭候大众圭表的成型。应当主动成为圭表制定者，并尽早与各方利益探讨方开展联结。圭表不错从下到上孕育，先作为企业里面或行业的最好实践，在企业生态系统内逐步推行。
简而言之，此刻恰是这些新兴企业塑造改日市集功令的绝佳时机。
以下为英文原文：
Q: As one of the key global organizations in standard development, BSI has been actively promoting standards in frontier areas such as green transition and digitalization in recent years. In your view, how should standard development balance the rapid pace of technological innovation with the stability of standard systems？ Particularly in emerging fields like AI and ESG, where frameworks are still evolving, what should be the key focuses during the standard development process? How can standards be designed to foster an innovative and sustainable market environment while avoiding unnecessary constraints on business operations？
A: To be fair, technology has always been faster than standards. If we look back 150 years or so, it was technological breakthrough during industrialization in Europe that initially created a need for standardization. At BSI our journey in standardization started with tram tracks in London 125 years ago．
The central challenge now is the speed of technology and the magnitude of the impact it brings to the world and humanity. From BSI perspective we believe that Standards are not obstacles to innovation, they are guardrails that enable innovation to bring outcomes that are going to do good rather than harm．
If we take AI as an example, BSI advocates foundational principles around safety and ethical use to ensure transparency, accountability, integrity and fairness. Instead of locking into specific technology, which is evolving as we speak, standards can guide businesses on how to meet core requirements of the foundational principles set in the baseline standard such as ISO/IEC 42001 - AI Management Systems. Like every other Management System standard, it will not give answers which technology an organization should use to improve the outcomes, but it will give very clear guidance on how to use the technology of their choice to deliver outcomes that are ethical, safe and aiming at positive impact．
From my personal experience in the world of standards, I vividly remember a case around 15 years ago when a manufacturer of a robotic exoskeleton was aiming to achieve safety certifications for their product to enter the European market. The challenge back then was that there was not much written in standards and local regulations about safety of robotic exoskeletons. So back then the safety experts of the conformity assessment organization I worked at that time, decided to take the Three Laws of Robotics from Isaac Azimov as a frame and look up and map all relevant clauses of all kinds of safety standards available back then to fulfil those three basic rules. This illustrates the point I just mentioned regarding standards as foundational guiderails for the desired outcomes．
Of course, we must acknowledge that the standard frameworks around AI and also Sustainability/ESG may develop at different paces and with different levels of focus in different regions and countries. China, EU and US have slightly different approaches as we know. Therefore, the key focus during standards development should remain around stakeholder engagement and international collaboration. We should continue building bridges and connecting innovators, regulators， practitioners and users together to establish standards that are practical, inclusive and future-ready. What we see now more often is that organizations and sometimes whole industries are eager to develop their own standard framework rather than waiting until domestic or international standard is created. At BSI we support such movements by providing platforms such as PAS and FLEX that encourage industry-first movers to cooperate with other stakeholders to build standards faster．
The universal approach in designing standards is having outcomes and impact in mind．After all, standard is best practice．The wider the scope of application and the more stakeholders will adopt the standard, the bigger the impact is at the end．So, applicability, adoptability and impact are key．
Q: We understand that BSI has served a wide range of enterprises across different scales and industries. Enterprises often face challenges related to both understanding and resources when implementing standards. Based on the diverse cases you have encountered, what are the most critical misconceptions or resource bottlenecks that enterprises need to overcome when adopting international standards or industry norms? Additionally, how do implementation paths differ across industries? What universal insights have you gained from these cross-industry practices that could help more enterprises transition from "compliance" to "value creation"？
A: There is sometimes a misconception that standards are roadblocks， something that is used to create audit check lists, and compliance to a certain standard is seen as a burden for the business to enter global markets. In our 125-year history, BSI has served thousands of businesses worldwide who used standards as their strategic enablers, who genuinely integrated quality, health and safety， environmental controls, information security, data privacy and other foundational principles into their daily operations in order to achieve global scale and business targets．
The biggest value of integrating standards into operational processes is continuous improvement. There is no end to the improvement journey. Every year during internal or external audits there will be some findings for improvement opportunities. The key here is not to fall into a formalistic check-the-box-approach but rather look for what can bring better outcomes．
ESG double materiality assessment is a good example. There might be little to no impact from formulating a hundred of ESG targets just to achieve a better ESG rating． It proves more valuable to conduct a Double Materiality Assessment and identify the ESG issues that are most significant to your business's long-term value (financial materiality) and your most significant impact on society and the environment (impact materiality). This is not an easy process, but it truly moves organizations from reacting to 100 indicators to proactively managing 15-20 core issues that actually create impact．
The most noticeable difference between organizations that we encounter is in the organizational culture and leadership. It starts with how the leadership sees standards adoption and international certifications. If the top leader sees standards and international certifications just as a compliance requirement, then the whole organization will just perceive it as a check list exercise. We see organizations where top leadership is engaged into integrating standards into the canvas of the business – be it basic quality management system based on ISO 9001 or anti-bribery management system based on ISO 37001. We also sometimes see organizations where leadership looks at these rather as a necessary pain to go through just to tick the compliance box. It makes a huge difference in terms of how all levels of the business will adopt best practices and live up to the standard．
From this perspective, BSI is welcoming the new CNCA regulation supervising certification industry in China that came in force recently. According to the new CNCA rules it is mandatory that senior leadership is not only attending opening and closing meetings during certification audits personally but also demonstrates deep understanding on what improvements the organization is aiming to achieve through auditing and certification．
Q: As Chinese enterprises accelerate their global expansion, compliance pressures in overseas markets are becoming increasingly prominent. Among the Chinese enterprises you have engaged with, what are the most common misconceptions regarding overseas compliance？ What recommendations do you have for Chinese enterprises in fulfilling international compliance obligations？ How should enterprises systematically manage differences in multinational standards during their global expansion？
A: First of all, I sincerely admire Chinese enterprises for their entrepreneurial mindset and courage to set on the journey overseas. It is truly amazing to see Chinese brands gaining recognition in overseas markets for their superior quality， affordability and competitive edge. Essentially, what Chinese businesses are doing now is somewhat that Western businesses have done during their times of global expansion. BSI as Standards and Assurance organization has experienced that past journey first-hand by supporting global brands and Chinese supply chain partners to export globally from here. Therefore, it is quite interesting to see some similar patterns now during Chinese businesses going and settling overseas. We know that learning from the past helps to avoid making the same mistakes．
Regarding most common misconceptions, probably three are quite prominent． Sometimes, organizations may see adherence to international standards and certifications against compliance requirements as a one-off project. You get an ISO 37001 or ISO 37301 certificate and that's enough to fulfil the basic requirement． I already mentioned that this is sometimes a common misconception towards other management systems, whereas we believe that the value is in continuous improvement．
In fact, establishing an effective compliance management system or any other managements system such as quality, environmental management, information security and so on, it is one time-proven tool to scale your business. That's how processes get standardized and scalable．
Another prominent pattern is that some Chinese organizations tend to apply domestic Chinese mindset overseas, underestimating cultural, legal, religious or perceptional nuances. Last year I was invited to a workshop ran by a China-based MNC where representatives of HSE function from the global subsidiaries were present. I talked about how health and safety rules are perceived differently in some markets based on the experiences we gained through our audits. What people may consider safe in Vietnam might be a "no go" in Germany etc. The way safety instructions are drawn up and communicated and the way they are adopted will also differ． In some countries people will follow pictures, in some countries they need a very detailed text with the process charts. In some places it is enough to send an email with instructions, in other places basic rules must be repeated every day． This may sound obvious, but when it comes to daily execution, we see a lot of struggles. During that workshop many participants admitted that during their day-to-day operations they overlook these simple things sometimes．
Last but not least, one common feature we see, especially at the very beginning of the expansion journey is somewhat overreliance on external consultants. Some Chinese businesses may delegate the initial journey of building business processes， staffing and management system foundation to externals rather than focusing on building own competences overseas also transporting company DNA throughout the process of growing and empowering local talent. From the business continuity and knowledge transfer perspective it is essential to grow knowledge in-house and build competencies in all markets from the ground. Standards and management systems help in this process too．
Q: Looking ahead to the next five years， which emerging areas—such as AI governance, circular economy, biodiversity conservation, or low-altitude economy—are most likely to give rise to groundbreaking standards with industry-transforming potential？ In light of these potential standardization trends, what specific strategic planning and capability deployment suggestions do you have for enterprises, particularly Chinese companies, to seize opportunities and prepare for compliance in advance？
A: From BSI perspective we hope that stakeholders in all these emerging areas will continue open exchange and collaboration so we can collectively achieve public trust in technological breakthroughs, fair and sustainable future for all．
AI governance will remain a hot topic and discussions will continue beyond generic AI management system standards focusing on more specific alignment regarding bias detection， auditing algorithms and hopefully setting up globally recognized AI certification framework that can support technology moving across borders in a safe and secure manner． China will certainly be one of the leading contributors in these discussions and we hope to cooperate more with the Chinese stakeholders．
Regarding low-altitude economy, China has the ability and scale to become a truly standard-setter in this domain. Looking at the current pace of development in drone delivery, agriculture applications and pilots in urban air mobility we can foresee these to scale fast and hence demanding standards for use within and outside of China. This is not trivial and will require alignment to international standards and protocols in airspace management, communication and interoperability, cybersecurity not to mention basic safety．
As for decarbonization, circular economy, biodiversity standards – these areas present enormous potential to join forces on global level and scale faster. These topics are neutral to any geopolitical tensions, and this is where all nations share a common goal. At BSI China we observe huge desire from the Chinese stakeholders to engage and we support it．
For the businesses in these emerging areas, especially leading ones with broader impact along supply chain, my recommendation is not to wait until global standards are set. Become standard setter yourselves and engage with stakeholders early. Standards can grow bottom-up, first as internal or industry best practice which can be adopted within enterprise ecosystem．
Simply put, it is a perfect moment for these emerging businesses to shape standards that will shape their markets in the future．
新浪财经ESG评级中心简介
新浪财经ESG评级中心是业内首个华文ESG专科资讯和评级团员平台，奋力于于宣传和推行可不竭发展，职业投资，与ESG（环境、社会和公司科罚）价值理念，传播ESG的企业实践举止和榜样力量，鼓吹中国ESG功绩的发展，促进中国ESG评估圭表的建立和企业评级的耕作。
依托ESG评级中心，新浪财经发布多只ESG鼎新指数，为温柔企业ESG表现的投资者提供更多弃取。同期，新浪财经成立中国ESG指导者组织论坛，联袂中国ESG指导企业和合作伙伴，通过环境、社会和公司科罚理念，鼓吹建立安妥中国时间特征的ESG评价圭表体系，促进中国钞票管制行业ESG投资发展。
海量资讯、精确解读，尽在新浪财经APP
职业裁剪：李怡然 配资查询官网
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